The Direct Object (المَفْعُولُ بِهِ)

Let's take a broad look at the concept of direct objects (المَفْعُولُ بِهِ).

Imagine a simple sentence where there's a subject (doer) performing an action (verb), for example:

But after all, an action can be directed at something or someone.

For example:

That which receives the action is المَفْعُولُ بِه

حَامِدٌ فَهِمَ الدَّرْسَ Hamid understood the lesson

الطَّالِبُ كَتَبَ الكَـلِمَــةَ The student wrote the word

In what case (state) is the direct object (الـمَــفْـعُـولُ بِـهِ)?

Did you notice that الـمَــفْـعُـولُ بِـهِ has a fatha at the end of the word? This is because:

The direct object (الـمَــفْـعُـولُ بِـهِ) is always in النَّصْب state (case).

تَرَكَ الـهَاتِــفَ على الطَّاوِلَةِ He left the phone on the table

What if The Masculine Plural acts as a المَفْعُولُ بِهِ?

Primarily, النَّصْب is indicated by a fatha, but in different types of words, it can manifest differently.

The ending ــــونَ of the masculine plural in the النصب case (state) changes to ـــينَ.

رَأَيْــتُ مُـهَـنْـدِسِــينَ I saw engineers

رَأَيْــتُ مُعَلِّمِــينَ I saw teachers

A pronoun acting as المَفْعُولُ بِهِ

In previous lessons, we studied the verb with attached pronouns acting as the subject. Now we are adding another pronoun, this time acting as a direct object (المفعول به).

So. Lets get two pronouns in one word.

كتبتُ الدرسَ I wrote the lesson

كَـتـبْـــتُــهُ I wrote it

ضَـرَبْــتِــهِ You hit him

ضَـرَبَــتْــهَا She hit her

سَـمِعْــتُــهُمْ I heard them